Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS, is a common condition that affects the bowels. It is usually caused by a combination of physiological (e.g. altered bowel sensation and movement) and psychosocial (e.g. stress, lifestyle) factors.

The Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology​ at Singapore General Hospital​ (SGH), a member of the SingHealth​ group,​ shares the common sym​ptoms and treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).​

Common symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are:

Constipation and/or diarrhoea (loose or more frequent bowel movements). In addition, there may also be a feeling of incomplete emptying despite having been to the toilet.

Bloating, which is relieved by passing wind.

Tummy cramps and pain which are often relieved by bowel movement.

Other symptoms may include tiredness, backache, urinary frequen​cy, poor sleep, anxiety and feelings of depression.

Treatments:

Lifestyle

In general, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with adequate exercise, rest and relaxation helps to promote a sense of well-being.

Stress management

As psychological and social factors play a role in the development of IBS, identifying stress factors and learning how to cope are important. Some patients may find it beneficial to see a psychiatrist or psychologist who may be able to help them deal with stress.

Dietary manipulation

While dietary factors alone do not cause IBS, some food may aggravate symptoms in some patients. For example, meals high in fat, fried food, coffee and alcohol may cause diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. A healthy diet with adequate intake of fruits, vegetables and water helps regulate bowel movement.

Medicines

Be aware that blood in the stools is not a symptom of IBS, so you should see your doctor as soon as possible if this happens.

Ref: W09